Hybrid optical and electrical data center( brief of my thesis)

Nowadays, big companies like Google, Yahoo, and Amazon are constructed by mega-data, which contains hundreds and thousands of servers. Therefore, the standard data center with leaf and spine topology within electrical switches is limited to support this massive amount of data within a complex architecture, limited bandwidth, complicated cable organization, energy, and high power consumption. Introducing optical switches provide this opportunity to resolve these issues by flat architecture and less power consumption to leverage these switches in the core of the network of data centers. However, current data center architecture is created by electrical and optical switches, which are called “Hybrid optical and electrical data-center,” which divided the bandwidth according to the factor of (α) to improve efficiency. A question regarding this matter may be brought forward to the reader as, why establishing the electrical switches is still commonly used. In contrast, we can use this opportunity to leverage the full optical switches. In the conventional servers, the link bandwidth and traffic are divided between CPU-to-memory and CPU-to-storage to enhance performance. Furthermore, the peak of data rate between CPU-to-memory is much higher than CPU-to-storage, so optical switches are the best choice to have the highest possible speed with unlimited bandwidth to use them as a connection between CPU-to-memory and electrical switches link between CPU-to-storage. Moreover, I would like to clarify and indicate the significant reasons why electrical data centers are still prevalent in this day and time. First, a lack of buffer in optical switches is an essential element to use electrical switches in ToRs and servers to avoid losing the packets. The second reason is the high cost of optical switches does not allow us to use full optical switches in the current data centers. The main focus of this thesis shall strongly be based on how these two data centers operate; I will describe how these two data centers work.

A brief description of each chapter:

• In the first chapter, I will introduce how electrical and optical switches work in data centers.
• •The second chapter shall relate to each device of the data center and its core function.
• •The third chapter shall indicate the relative implementations in regards to the vast data center by considering two phenomena; electrical switches and hybrid switches.
• •The fourth chapter shall shed light on a hypothesis of software created by myself and how it stimulates the leaf and spine topology.
• •The last chapter shall be dedicated to outlining such software by portraying a graphical view of the topology.